This research is carried out in CAPER habitats of Khalij-o-Omanian region in south of Iran.  Eight sites were chosen and 24 plots each containing at least three CAPER trees were established. Some silvicultural characteristics of trees as well as physical and chemical properties of soil were studied within the plots. Totally 67 CAPER trees were studied quantitatively. Generally, CAPER habitats in Hormozgan province have  arid and warm climate, low annual precipitation (141.5 mm), high temperature (maximum 44.8oC) and high relative humidity (>60%). The results showed that CAPER tree (Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew.) had a short tree and shrub form with canopy diameter more than its height and numerous suckers in young stage, which changes to tree form (max. 9 meter height) with one trunk (max. 1.8 meter trunk height) and less suckers in old stage. Soil of CAPER habitats were loam and silty loam, saline, calcareous and with very little organic matter. Electrical conductivity of the studied soil was 0.6- 22.5 mmohs/cm, pH=7.3-8.1, TNV=19.6-34% and organic carbon=0.2-0.5%. The quantitative datas shows 42-105 tree ha-1 with 12 to 50.6 suckers (coppices) per plot, 3.2-4.5 m height, 9-31.3 cm diameter, 0.03-0.3 m trunk height and 3.7-6.5 m canopy diameter. CAPER trees flush (new branches with tiny leaves) with beginning of rainfall (autumn–winter) and leaves abscised later in old branches. Old branches were woody, green and able to photosynthesis (similar to leaves). Considering all soil and silvicultural characteristics, one can conclude that the Jagin site could be distinguished from other sites because of soil richness, highest trees, thickest trunks and coppice stools, widest canopy diameter and less number of root suckers.

Ripe fruits of Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew. were collected from the species natural habitat in Sirik at Hormozgan Province (June, 2001). After rubbing and washing the seeds, they were sowed in a nursery in order to test the seeds germination and the seedlings survival. The statistical method was factorial with completely randomized design, consisting of two factors. The first factor was seed treatments which consisted of four levels (12 hours soaking in concentrated sulphuric acid, 45 minutes soaking in concentrated sulphuric acid and full fruit sowing). The second factor was soil mix treatments which consisted of 12 levels (sand, garden soil, clay manure and natural habitat soil). Moreover, correlation between climate parameters (temperature, relative humidity % and monthly evaporation) and edaphic parameters (organic matter %, sand % slit % and clay %) on one hand seedlings survival % on another hand were studied. The results showed that the effects of seed and soil mix treatments on seedling survival were significant (p<0.01) and the best seed treatment was soaking seeds in water s=for 12 hours which resulted in 59.4 % seedling survival. The best soil mix treatments were number, 9 (2.3% of sand + 1.3% of garden soil) and number 1(1.2% of sand + 1.2% of garden soil) which resulted in 55.8% ND 51.3% seedling survival, respectively. The effects interactions between the seed and soil mix treatment were not significant the correlation between air temperature, sand % and seedlings survival 1\ was positively significant, whereas the correlation between silt %, clay and seedlings survival % was negatively significant (p<0.01).

Background & Aims: Capparis decidua (Kair) is an important economic plant belonging to the family of Capparaceae. This plant is mainly found in desert areas, and is resistant to temperature, salinity, and drought stresses. This species is valuable for medicinal purposes, food (fruits and pickles), providing animal fodder, fuel wood, and timber. C. decidua is traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, anti-diabetic, anti-worm, anti-bacterial, anti-acne and blister, toothache relief, anti-fertility, and as an appetizer. It also has beneficial effects in the treatment of various diseases such as asthma, diabetes, liver disorders, blood cholesterol, high blood pressure and microbial infections. The present review introduces the traditional uses, herbal chemical compounds, and medicinal properties of this widely used plant. Materials & Methods: The present study is a review article that was conducted by an electronic search in Civilica, SID, Springer, PubMed, Science Direct, and Willy. Results: These medicinal properties are due to the presence of herbal compounds such as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, sterols, vitamins and fatty acids in the extract of different parts of Kair. In spite of its medicinal value, C. decidua has been neglected in both traditional medicine and scientific research in Iran. Conclusion: A review of the studies conducted in Iran shows that the medicinal value of C. decidua in Iran has been neglected both in traditional medicine and in scientific research, and the present research can provide information to those interested in the field of medicinal plants. It can also provide the basis for further studies on this valuable plant.

Introduction: The twig of Capparis decidua has been traditionally used as an antidiabetic agent but its medicinal use has not been scientifically proved yet. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic effect and antioxidant activities of aquatic extract of twig of C. decidua on the liver and pancreas of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Materials and Methods: The effect of Capparis decidua was evaluated by biochemical, histological and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. All biochemical and biophysical parameters were estimated after 15 days of daily oral administrations of the aqueous extract. Results: Findings showed that oral use of C. decidua extract (250 mg/kg) caused significant reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic rats when compared to the control rats. Moreover, the altered level of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, and also structural changes were reversed in STZ-induced diabetic rats which received C. decidua extract. Conclusions: In conclusion, aqueous extract of C. decidua has potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.

Moringa pregerina (Forssk.) Fiori., Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew. and Salvadora oleides Decne. are important indegenious shrub or tree species of Sahara-Sindian region which distributed and formed scattered woodlands in south east of Iran. The current research was carried out to find most effective soil characteristics in their distribiution. For this purpose, a study was conducted in the Balochestan province of southeast Iran in 2008 for four years. Based on a vegetation map and field surveys, indicator sites were identified. Within each site, 1-3 profiles were dug. Soil sample was taken from 0-60 cm. Measured soil properties included: pH, EC, K, P, N, sand, silt, clay, T.N.V, gypsum, T.D.S. and texture. To determine the most soil effective factors on plants, multivariate techniques, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was applied. The results indicated that between three species habitates, only there are significant differences in nitrogen percent, gypsium and electrical conductivity. The CCA results indicated that the main edaphically factors affecting the distribution of Moringa pregerina are total neutralizing value (T.N.V) and clay percentage, and for Salvadora oleides, total neutralizing value (T.N.V), total dissolved solid (T.D.S.) and sand percentage are effective factors and total neutralizing value (T.N.V) and total dissolved solid (T.D.S) characters play important roles in Capparis decidua presence .